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Panama: The Politics

by Laurie_Cooper

Politics in Panama has been more of constitutional democracy
throughout the 20th century. The history of coup led by General
Manuel Noriega back in 1968 has brought power to the military as
Noriega had manipulated most of the highest officials of the
government. It resulted to economic and diplomatic conflicts
within Panama which affects the US relation to Panama. When
Panama lost efforts to remove the dictatorship of Noriega, the US
stepped with intentions to protect its assets established in
Panama. When Noriega had slowly lost its power with low civil and
public supports, he surrendered to the US. The Panama was then
restored to democracy by 1991.

At present, politics in Panama is under the framework of
constitutional representative democracy. There are three branches
of the government namely executive, legislative and judicial. The
executive branch consists of the president who is elected by the
people for a term of five years. He serves as the head of the
government and the head of the state and appoints the members of
the national cabinet. Currently, the president of Panama is
Martin Torrijos who was elected since 2004. Together with the
president are two vice presidents. The two vice presidents in the
current politics in Panama are Samuel Lewis Navarro who serves as
the first vice president and Ruben Arosemena Valdez serving as
the second vice president. They are also elected for the same
term. Legislative branch previously consists of 78 members but
was changed to 74 in the 2004 political reform. Finally, the
national Supreme Court, the 5 superior courts and 3 courts of
appeal composed the judicial branch of Panama.

The politics of Panama also composes other independent
commissions that functions separately from the three executive
branches. One of which is the Electoral Tribunal which takes
responsibility in the electoral law and policies and its
implementation. They are in charge of voter�s registration, flow
of election, judgment of electoral conflicts and disputes and
other matters related to election. Politics of Panama also
involves the independent responsibility of the Controller General
of the Republic of Panama whose main function is to take charge
of State funds. They are responsible for managing public fund
taking into account budget flow and expenditures of the State.
Also, independent responsibilities are given to the Ministry of
Public whose main function is to oversee the country�s interests
and its municipalities.

The most known and active political party of Panama is
Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD) who concerns with economic
matters and focuses on Panama�s child�s welfare and urban poor.
Other political parties of Panama include The Arnulfist Party,
the president�s current party, which emphasizes on rural
population of Panama. The National Liberal Republican Movement
and Democratic Change and The Popular Block are two political
parties that consist of pro-business groups and former Christian
Democrats. These two parties comprise the upper and middles class
with ties on the business community in Panama.

Politics of Panama has been generally corrupt in the past years.
However, there are various attempts from the current government
to make political reforms to support sustainable economic
development in Panama.

Laurie Cooper, of Cpanama Real Estate Corp., is an expert on <a
href="http://www.cpanama.com/">Panama real estate</a>. For more
information, please visit <a
href="http://www.cpanama.com/">www.cpanama.com</a>.

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