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The Task Faced by The Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology

by spartanmalc

The great truth of the present and the future, for criminal
science, is the individualization of penal treatment, for that
man, and for the cause of that man's crime.

Now this truth opens up a vast field for re-examination. It
means that we must study all the possible data that can be causes
of crime, the man's heredity, the man's physical and moral
make-up, his emotional temperament, the surroundings of his
youth, his present home, and other conditions, all the
influencing circumstances. And it means that the effect of
different methods of treatment, old or new, for different kinds
of men and of causes, must be studied, experimented, and
compared. Only in this way can accurate knowledge be reached, and
new efficient measures be adopted.

All this has been going on in Europe for many years past, and in
limited fields in this country. All the branches of science that
can help have been working, anthropology, medicine, psychology,
economics, sociology, philanthropy, penology. The law alone has
abstained. The science of law is the one to be served by all
this. But the public in general and the legal profession in
particular have remained either ignorant of the entire subject or
indifferent to the entire scientific movement. And this ignorance
or indifference has blocked the way to progress in
administration.

The Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology therefore takes
upon itself, as one of its aims, to inculcate the study of modern
criminal science, as a pressing duty for the legal profession and
for the thoughtful community at large. One of its principal modes
of stimulating and aiding this study is to make available in the
English language the most useful treatises now extant in the
Continental languages. Our country has started late. There is
much to catch up with, in the results reached elsewhere. We
shall, to be sure, profit by the long period of argument and
theorizing and experimentation which European thinkers and
workers have passed through. But to reap that profit, the results
of their experience must be made accessible in the English
language.

The effort, in selecting this series of translations, has been
to choose those works which best represent the various schools of
thought in criminal science, the general results reached, the
points of contact or of controversy, and the contrasts of method
having always in view that class of works which have a more than
local value and could best be serviceable to criminal science in
our country. As the science has various aspects and emphases the
anthropological, psychological, sociological, legal, statistical,
economic, pathological due regard was paid, in the selection, to
a representation of all these aspects. And as the several
Continental countries have contributed in different ways to these
various aspects, France, Germany, Italy, most abundantly, but the
others each its share, the effort was made also to recognize the
different contributions as far as feasible.

The selection made by the Committee, then, represents its
judgment of the works that are most useful and most instructive
for the purpose of translation. It is its conviction that this
Series, when completed, will furnish the American student of
criminal science a systematic and sufficient acquaintance with
the controlling doctrines and methods that now hold the stage of
thought in Continental Europe.

Malcolm Blake is strongly opposed to cruel treatment of
prisoners. He is also concerned with the civil rights of the
innocent, and believes that only in an age of openness can we
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